Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1799 Words

While not all people possess gallantry and bravery, there are also many figures of society that demonstrate various acts of courage. In the Pulitzer prize-winning novel, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, multiple characters in Maycomb demonstrate acts of firmness and integrity that are both big and small. The story revolves around the citizens of Maycomb, and the events that surround the trial of a negroe man named Tom Robinson. Throughout the novel, citizens from all social classes and backgrounds conduct themselves in a courageous manner in particular situations. Mrs. Dubose shows immense bravery while fighting a difficult personal battle with addiction, while Scout, a young girl, must be gallant at such a young age when she is told†¦show more content†¦Instead, she acts immaturely and is uncooperative, despite the fact that she has less at stake than Tom Robinson. Mayella Ewell witnesses the crime take place and then later testifies in front of the courtroom. Atticus i s attempting to question Mayella, but she is not being very cooperative and it is visible that she is hiding things from the jury. Atticus repeatedly questions her and asks, â€Å" ‘Do you love your father, Miss Mayella?’ was his next. ‘ Love him, whatcha mean?’ ‘ I mean, is he good to you, is he easy to get along with?’ ‘ He does tollable, ‘cept when-’ ‘ Except when?’ Mayella looked at her father, who was sitting with his chair tipped against the railing. He sat up straight and waited for her to answer. ‘ Except when nothin’,’ said Mayella. ‘ I said he does tollable.’ Mr. Ewell leaned back again† (245). It is clear to the jury, along with everyone else in the courtroom, that Mayella is very tense and cannot answer the questions honestly, due to the fact that she is afraid to answer something wrong. Further into the testimony, Mayella ultimately refuses to answer any inqui ries of Atticus. He questions, â€Å" ‘Then why didn’t the other children hear you? Where were they? At the dump?’ No answer. ‘ Why didn’t your screams make them come running? The dump’s closer than the woods, isn’t it?’ No answer†¦. ‘ Did you scream first at your father instead of at Tom Robinson? Was that it?’ No answer. ‘ Who beat you up? Tom Robinson or your father?’ No answer† (251). Her

Oedipus, A Tragic Hero - 1832 Words

Literature and theatre arts throughout the ages have created many memorable tales and many unforgettable characters that withstand the test of time, while many others will likely fade away. Oedipus Rex is a tragic tale set in Ancient Greece. Greek thinker, Aristotle, said there were certain elements that would make a person qualified as a â€Å"tragic hero.† (Adade-Ywboah, Ahenkora Amankwah, 2012). We think of heroes being larger than life, possessing impeccable honor, integrity, strong leadership and having the higher moral ground. However, tragic heroes are different; they are imperfect and will inevitably face a tragic downfall. Per Aristotle, there are several different specific attributes necessary in a tragic hero, including noble status, tragic flaw, extreme awareness or self-knowledge, punishments that do not fit their crime, the plight of the hero evokes emotions and there is an element of free choice that send the character down the wrong path; the tragic path. Afte r reviewing the relevant material and the analysis of the title character, Oedipus, is essentially a perfect example of the traits identified by Aristotle as indicative of a tragic hero in Ancient Greek literature and theatre. DISCUSSION Great heroes are a mainstay and are huge part of any culture heritage, their folklore and mythos. Whether one recalls King Arthur, Beowulf, or in the modern heroes, Luke Skywalker or any superhero, like Superman,Show MoreRelatedOedipus As A Tragic Hero1506 Words   |  7 PagesA true hero does not merely wear a cape, but this individual possesses admirable characteristics. A hero inspires the people around him and he is honorable. Heroes influential individuals from fairytale stories and myths of a real-life hero. Yet, none of these influential people are perfect. The tragic hero is clearly defined by Aristotle as being a person of admirable character, yet completely human with noticeable flaws. Moreover, this individual is not exempt from suffering. In Sophocles’ tragicRead MoreOedipus-a Tragic Hero706 Words   |  3 PagesRunning head: Oedipus-A Tragic Hero Research Paper ENGL 102: Literature and Composition) Fall 2015 Melinda Meeds L26683811 APA Outline Thesis: In Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus†, Oedipus is exemplified as a tragic hero according to Aristotle’s definition because his story appeals to the reader’s humanity in the way he maintains his strengths after inadvertently causing his own downfall. I. Oedipus A. The noble birth. B. Describe Oedipus’ character. II. Tragedy A. DescribeRead MoreIs Oedipus A Tragic Hero?1167 Words   |  5 Pages2014 Is Oedipus a tragic hero? Aristotle, Ancient Greek philosopher whom did a lot of philosophizing, he believed in a logical reality. Aristotle’s objective was to come up with a universal process of reasoning that would allow man to learn every imaginable thing about reality. The initial process involved describing objects based on their characteristics, states of being and actions. Aristotle once said A man doesn t become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall†. Oedipus was a mythicalRead MoreOedipus the Tragic Hero1390 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus; The Tragic Hero In the Fourth Century BC, a famous philosopher named Aristotle wrote about the qualities that a tragic hero must possess. Ever since that time, there have been many examples of tragic heroes in literature. None of those characters, however, display the tragic hero traits quite as well as Oedipus, the main character from the play Oedipus Rex by Sophocles. Oedipus is, without a doubt, the absolute quintessence of a tragic hero. His example shines as clear as a sunny summerRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1724 Words   |  7 Pagesstory of Oedipus, Oedipus is considered a â€Å"Tragic Hero† because of the tragic fate and effect that he had upon his life. My definition of a tragedy is a great loss that has a unhappy ending to which concluded me to state that Oedipus falls under that category. Throughout the book, Oedipus is leading himself to his own destruction when trying to find the killer of the late King Laios. So when a journal article I found published by The John Hopk ins University Press stated that a â€Å"tragic hero is a manRead MoreOedipus, A Tragic Hero1648 Words   |  7 Pages Oedipus, a Tragic Hero Bob Livingston Liberty University â€Æ' Sophocles presented the world with Oedipus around 2500 years ago. Never-the-less, the story remains among the most riveting of all time. He was, in fact, a man that was driven by a very high internal moral standard. It was that internal moral standard that ultimately entwined him in a sequence of events and circumstances that placed him in the spousal relationship with his mother. Oedipus, in fact, can truly be regarded as a tragic heroRead MoreOedipus a Tragic Hero1516 Words   |  7 PagesOedipus A Tragic Hero English 102 Literature and Composition Summer B 2011 Terry Garofolo 22816762 APA Sophocles presented the world with Oedipus around 2500 years ago. Never-the-less, the story remains among the most riveting of all time. Unfortunately, today when we hear the mention of the name Oedipus we place negative connotations around it. Oedipus, after all, had an unnatural sexual relationship with his own mother! In actuality, however, this relationship emerged entirely innocentlyRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1094 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play Oedipus the King, Oedipus struggles to accept the truth and lets his temper over power him. He can be displayed as a tragic hero. His refusal to accept the truth led to Oedipus’ down fall. A tragic hero, as defined by Aristotle, â€Å"is a literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction.† Sophocles’ Oedipus exemplifies Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. In the play, Oedipus unknowingly has cursed the entire town of Thebes. He was cursedRead MoreOedipus, a Tragic Hero?2158 Words   |  9 PagesOedipus, a Tragic Hero? Elizabeth Howell English 102- B33 Professor Katie Robinson Liberty University October 12, 2012 Oedipus, a Tragic Hero? Thesis: Using Aristotle’s five different descriptions of a tragic hero, we will show that Oedipus in Oedipus the King is in fact a tragic hero and how his decisions led to his downfall. Outline: I. Introduction and Thesis Statement II. Is the character of noble birth? A. King of Thebes B. Real father was king III. Though the tragic heroRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1445 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough not all who wander or deviate from the path are lost, some clearly are. When Oedipus, the eponymous character of Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex, first learns that he is destined to kill his father and marry his mother, he abandons his home intent on never returning in order to avoid meeting his fate. Unbeknownst to the tragic hero, before the curtain’s rise, the prophecy has already been fulfilled. Consequently, due to the underlying corruption in Thebes, the people are perishing of a plague

Portrait of the Artist as Filipino Scene I Free Essays

So far, A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino has been a story about the lives of the Marasigan sisters, Candida and Paula, and their father Don Lorenzo, a well known painter. The story is centered around Don Lorenzo’s latest creation, a rather disturbing painting of Aeneas carrying Anchises on his back as they flee from the sacked and burning city of Troy. The painting is a self portrait of Don Lorenzo’s younger self carrying his present self, and seems to leave everyone who has gazed upon it a touch unsettled, including the two sisters, who blame the painting for their misfortunes and for their impoverished state. We will write a custom essay sample on Portrait of the Artist as Filipino Scene I or any similar topic only for you Order Now In spite of the fact that the sisters are in need of money for the up keep of themselves and the house, they refuse to sell it for two thousand dollars and dont seem to want to get rid of it for any price at all or even to have it placed on a gallery for display. They have thus far in the story refused to be parted from it, even though they look to it with contempt. The fact that they do not wish to sell it under their current situation perplexes me. Why not just get rid of it for the substantial amount of money offered by Tony’s employer who is willing to pay two thousand dollars for it? If they really are indeed so desperately poor, that they waste their time looking through news paper articles for jobs, taking in strange men to live with them for fifteen pesos a month, and coming up with strange ideas. They could have gotten the money, kicked that Tony character out and lived in a state of dignity once again for a little while before they all died in Intramuros. In the first scene Candida even says something like â€Å"What’s the use in having a talent when you cant make any money out of it? † Well, there you go, Don Lorenzo produced something worth two grand, why not make money out of that? Pair of crazy dames indeed. The fact that the painting brings out different reactions in people is very interesting. Others would be ready to throw it in the trash, and for the rest, it’s worth a fortune. Some are afraid of it, and it takes people back to their past. Most of the reactions seem to be on a negative side, which is interesting. What is it about the double self portrait of Don Lorenzo that seems to unsettle everyone so much, and why is it called A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino? There’s apparently nothing Filipino about it, except for Don Lorenzo, who in the painting is portraying himself as characters from Greek and Roman epics. I can’t help but guess at the meaning of his terrible creation, and think that the painting is about a great burden, the burden being Don Lorenzo himself. He paints those eyes with such mastery that everyone in the room, and even beyond it feels the weight of its silent glare. How to cite Portrait of the Artist as Filipino Scene I, Papers

Professions of Women free essay sample

Throughout the history of women we have had fewer legal rights and career opportunities than men. In earlier centuries wifehood and motherhood was regarded to be the womens most significant profession. Women prided themselves on how well they worked around there house and who was able to make sure there husbands were content with the work they did at home. Finding a voice somewhere along the way women have made quite a reputation for themselves. Since the 20th century, however, women in most nations have gained the right to vote, increased their opportunities to excel in better jobs, and have received an enhanced education. Women have reevaluated the traditional views of their role in society today. Virginia Woolf could not explain the profession of a women any better than what she did. How have the women from nations around the world developed their roles in today’s society? Are women more accepting to jobs that are â€Å"made† for them or do they try to excel and achieve more than expected to? I have seen many women have different actions toward their situations and each one have had different outcomes. Although each of their situations and outcomes were different women have made a difference in the growth of our individualism and I believe it will continue to grow. I feel that Woolf’s writing could be very influential to women all over to never back down from a challenge. Virginia Woolf was an English novelist, feminist, and a writer of short stories. Woolf began writing professionally during the year 1900. She was educated at home by her father. After his death in 1904, she, her sister, and her brothers moved to Bloomsbury. As her writing career took off, Woolf’s writing explored the concepts of time, memory, and peoples inner consciousness. Her writing was recognized for its humanity and depth of perception. Woolf was interested in defining qualities that were specific to the female’s mind. She saw female sensibility as intuitive, and wanted to liberate the masculine intellect from what she viewed as its enslavement to abstract concepts. In 1912 she married Leonard Woolf, a critic and writer on economics and politics. In 1931 Virginia wrote an essay called â€Å"profession of women†, and became the narrative of women progress of feminism. Virginia Woolf died on 28 March 1941 when she drowned herself in the River Ouse near their home in Sussex, by putting rocks in her coat pockets. Woolf identified with an experience that stood out to me the most. The angel in the house was most interesting to me because of how she viewed women and how they should act towards men. On page 883 the angel in the house said, â€Å"You are writing about a book that has been written by a man. Be sympathetic: be tender; flatter; deceive; and use all the arts and wiles of our sex. Never let anybody guess you have a mind of your own. Above all, be pure. Are women supposed to hold themselves superior to men? First and foremost I do not feel women should yield their rights to anyone in this world. Giving praise to people is fine, but lying about it to preserve someone else’s feelings is useless for the simple fact that the society we live in today will not yield to our feelings. When we falsely praise someone’s work what good could come from it? All I see is bad because what you lie about and say is good, the â€Å"real world† will bluntly say this is crap and not good enough. Woolf looked at telling lies in her reviews, being the only way she could succeed and be successful. Back then women did not have rights to speak out against men, it was morally incorrect. Now women have the ability to write and say what they feel. When women yield their rights to men, a man will take advantage of you because he knows he has that kind of control over you. I also feel once you give constant praise to any man he will become boastful. If a man knows how smart or talented he is then he will be cocky and an ass to everyone. From the early nineteenth century there were three waves of feminism to give women equal rights that white men have obtained from earlier years, which are still presently happening today. In the United States we have worked hard to get rights just to have a voice in the government. So simply reverting back to our old ways and catering to men’s needs would be slapping the women that fought to make our future brighter. After fighting for many years I do not feel or believe we should yield our rights, only to satisfy a man’s ego. Although The Yellow Wallpaper is a fiction reading, the woman ignored her needs to make her husband feel like his diagnosis was the right thing for her. By not speaking up it eventually drove her insane. I think all women should be independent and speak their mind. God gave us a brain so why not use it to benefit our well being. Going back in history women were not allowed to educate themselves in any aspect of school. We did not have the capabilities to diagnose problems that were wrong with the human body. Although women did not have the knowledge to do so, I am pretty sure women would know what was wrong with them mentally and physically. This goes for everyone, no doctor, no individual being, can tell you what disorder you have. I think if you know what you need to cure what ever you are going through then do so. Doctor’s are there just to make sure you are on the right path and could possibly give direction of a better understand of how the body works. No one knows you more than yourself. There is a saying that states, â€Å"Behind every great man there is a great women. † My father is indeed a great man, but he wouldn’t be where he was today if it was not for my mother. My mom was not always sympathetic to my father, nor was she catering to my father’s every need. My father is a successful business man with the help of my mother. Eleanor Roosevelt was the first lady of house for a 12 year span. While Franklin Roosevelt was out dealing with the depression crisis in the United States, Mrs. Roosevelt dealt with minor civil issues like segregation and women’s rights. Mrs. Roosevelt used her weight in the media as a way to connect with women who found themselves in domestic isolation. With this in mind, Eleanor used three mediums to keep in touch with her female followers. She used the press conference, a daily newspaper column, and magazine articles. These three means opened up the communication into a two-way channel. Although her purpose was to initially speak to the women of the United States, her concerns favored humanitarian, but she did stay true to the women issues. There are many more women who do great things that are overlooked because their husband’s carry such high statuses, but their voices do not go unheard. I am sure FDR had his disagreements with his wife, but she never sugarcoated her beliefs because he was politically at a higher standard. Just like the angel in the house Eleanor embraced his politics and let him know what women would want, and he listened to her. Just know no man of any kind will sugar coat how he feels about you, so why should women? Women who have not accepted their role as a housewife have paved pathways for many women to come. Oprah Winfrey not only had the obstacle of being a woman in the business world, but being of the African American descent as well. According to most people she is recognized as the most influential woman in the world. In 1974 Oprah could have made a living once she reached a co-anchoring position at a local radio broadcasting show, but that was not enough. 976 she excelled to be the youngest and first black women to become a news anchor in Nashville, Tennessee on WLAC-TV. By 1983 Oprah had taken over a low rated TV show that aired in Chicago to a nationally viewed talk show renamed after her. Now in 2010 Oprah has the highest rated talk show in history of the world, she has been ranked the richest African American of the 20th century, and the greatest black philanthropist of America. Settling for what is giving is not enough. Women have to give more of them just to be considered half as good as men. Not only Oprah but many other women have opened doors to better jobs. Politically, Hillary Clinton has excelled to clenching a job in President Obama’s cabinet. She has given hope to young women of America that the president’s position could be held by both men and women. Amelia Earhart opened the field of aviation for women in 1928. Many of other women have added themselves to the history of women by simply accomplishing things men have done too. No job should be limited to only males. I feel women could do any job a male can do if not better, but that is based on opinion. I think every woman has the Angel in the house. Many women today still play their traditional role from the early 1900’s. It is not that they are not strong enough to kill the Angel; it is just something they feel is what women should fulfill. Many women have grown out of the stereo typical view of what a women’s role should be and have excelled to do great things. We are all individuals that have brains and should use them to the best of our ability. We are given educational advantages to go to school and learn for free. â€Å"Use the talents you posses, for the forest would be silent if the only bird that sings was the best.

Andrew Sexton Essays - NervaAntonine Dynasty, Aurelii, Films

Andrew Sexton Core-100 Yandell 2-9-2017 Hero's Journey Analysis Maximus: The Journey of a True Hero Often in movies, novels and other stories, there are tales of a hero and all his adventures. This common use of story-telling is known as the hero's journey. The hero's journey was first created by a man named Christopher Vogler, who condensed the journey into twelve simple stages. In the movie Gladiator, the main character, Maximus, portrays this hero's journey and the twelve stages as he starts off as a general for the Roman Legion. However, not all tales completely follow the hero's journey exactly. The director of Gladiator, Ridley Scott, uses creative twists in the hero's journey to create a unique and different type of hero's journey. To summarize the film, Maximus is a general for the Roman Legion under the rule of Caesar Marcus Aurelias. The legion is faced by a long-standing war with Germania rebels. The legion quickly take care of the rebels and achieve victory. The caesar however, knows that will die soon, so he requests that Maximus be the next caser once he passes, but Maximus respectfully declines. Angered, because he was not loved by his father, Aurelia's' son Commodus, vengefully kills his father so that he would be named the next Caesar. Commodus asks Maximus for his allegiance, but once again, Maximus declines. Angered once again, Commodus sentences Maximus to be executed, as well as his family back home. Maximus escapes his sentence and flees back home, only to see his wife and son murdered, crisped, and hung. Maximus stays at his home, where later a slave caravan takes him in to test him out to be a gladiator. His owner, Proximal throws him into the gladiator ring, where Maximus and his comrades are victorious on multiple accounts. While Maximus continues to fight, the new Caesar, Commodus tries to make Rome great again, and he introduces games back into Rome. With Maximus' and his gladiator comrades' previous victories, Proximal takes them to Rome where they will fight in the big stage as gladiators. Ultimately, Proximal knows that Maximus is great fighter, and that with his help, he may be able to earn his freedom from fighting. In the gladiator's first fight in Rome, the warriors achieve victory in what was supposed to be certain death. Impressed, Commodus visits the winners, and is surprised to see Maximus as one of the warriors. Maximus then declares revenge on Commodus, but he cannot kill Maximus because the crowd loves the warrior and it would be considered political suicide. In the ring, Maximus continues to win fights, which angers Commodus greatly. Maximus also continues to plan his revenge, where he will escape from the gladiator keeps and kill Commodus, so that ther e may be proper reign in Rome again. With the help of Proximal and the rest of the fighters, Maximus escapes, but is shortly captured by the guards since Commodus had knowledge of his plans. Maximus is taken back in and is forced to have one last fight, but this time against Commodus. In his last fight in the ring, Commodus greets Maximus and tells him that he himself will fight Maximus, but in an unjust way. Commodus wounds Maximus shortly before their fight so that he could have the advantage. Maximus and Commodus fight to the death, where Maximus ends up killing Commodus, but also ends up dying due to his wounds. Once dead, Maximus ends up in the afterlife with his wife and son, his true home. Per Vogler, there are three different acts that the hero's journey partakes on. The first part of act one is the ordinary world. Per Vogler, the purpose of the ordinary world is to "take the hero out of the ordinary, mundane world and into a special world." This is not the case for the gladiator Maximus. To the common viewer, the ordinary world for Maximus is the real world, where Maximus is a general for the Roman Legion. However, after analysis of the movie, the viewer can conclude that the ordinary world to Maximus is not reality. This is the most important aspect to where Scott adds his own little twist to the hero's journey. Everything Maximus does in the

The eNotes Blog Summer Reading That DoesntSuck

Summer Reading That DoesntSuck Ah, summer time, the perfect opportunity to pick up a new book and enter a brand new or vaguely familiar world. Pool-side or park-side, a new book is a great way to fill your brightly lit evenings. Check out our thoughtfully curated suggestions below for some truly gratifying reads. For a Good Laugh:   Consider picking up any of David Sedaris’s books. Let’s Explore Diabetes with Owls is his latest, and in many respects, his most mature book to date. With just enough snark to have his readers laughing out loud, Sedaris strikes a pleasant balance between pensive and perverse. His essay about taxidermy owls had us spraying coffee out of our noses. This book is guaranteed to produce both nostalgia and clarity when examining your own past. For the World Traveler: Summer is the perfect time to travel, but when you’re on a tight budget, sometimes an expensive trip to an exotic location just isnt in the cards. Instead of experiencing FOMO (fear of missing out), brush up on your geography of the world with DK’s World Atlas. With extensive information on every continent, and over 100,000 locations noted, you’ll be in the know by the time your next jet-set trip is here. For the Philosopher: Jack Kerouac’s classic On the Road is undeniably complex in nature. It seeks to be active rather than passive, and to participate in the world rather than merely observe  it. His off-beat narrative style and thought-provoking content brings the reader along for the journey of a lifetime. Provocative  and amusing, this book acts as an excellent segue into some of the more obscure teachings of the beatnik era. Do take this novel with a grain of salt though, there are many who have attempted to read On the Road with a feminist perspective who have been enormously disappointed. If you choose to take Kerouacs writing for what it is, an example of literature in a truly transitional point in American history, youll be deeply satisfied with his story. For the (Hopeless) Romantic: Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins. My sin, my soul. Lolita has oft been called the greatest love story ever told, and, it would seem, with good reason. The controversial novel embarks on a journey into the complex nature of love and empathy. Vladimir Nabokov marries gorgeous prose and disturbing characters in an effort to speak to the humanity in each of us. It would seem that Nabokov’s Humbert Humbert is both manipulative and manipulated, making him a difficult character to interpret. Readers are asked to identify with this murderer and pedophile in ways that are both surprising and effective. This novel is not for the faint of heart, but if you feel up to the task, it’ll be worth your time. For the Athlete: Born to Run by Christopher McDougall incorporates science, inspiration, and amazing athletic achievements into a truly astounding book that speaks to the heart of any exercise enthusiast. With an impressive synthesis of narration and cutting-edge science, this book offers a fresh perspective on ultra-athletes and the cultures that produce them. McDougall describes in great detail his experiences with the Tarahumara tribe, a legendary group of people who have perfected the art of running, allowing for the reader to have their understanding of the modern athlete transformed in unexpected ways. For the Science-Fiction Lover: 2312 by Kim Stanley Robinson offers his readers a truly magnificent peek into a not-so distant future where planets and asteroids have been colonized. Robinson paints a profound picture of the impact of climate change on our world and discusses  issues surrounding artificial intelligence that leave readers more perplexed about the ethics of new technology than ever before. 2312 is an impressive piece of fiction that successfully evokes a sense of oneness within our universe- truly a joy to read and reflect on. Have you read any of these books? Would you be interested in writing your own review? If yes, leave a comment or shoot us an email. Happy reading!

Wikis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wikis - Assignment Example can observe how the business offers its services and products by reading other people’s comments, therefore, getting attracted to the business if it has good ratings. This would bring new customers to the business. Thirdly, potential customers seek to work with companies that they can trust. A business that has a wiki creates an atmosphere of trust by showing that it accepts criticism if a service is rendered poorly. Therefore, many businesses that develop wikis are thought to deliver quality services, therefore, attracting new customers (Wagner and Majchrzak 17). The wiki can be critical to the employees as it would offer a platform where they can communicate with the customers, thus making them understand what the business is all about. It also ensures that the employees are treated well in the business to ensure that their comments are in the company’s favor. Partners can view the company’s progress through the wiki by reading the comments and assessing them to see if quality services and products are offered (Wagner and Majchrzak 21). Wikis bear ethical and security concerns in that any individual can add content, which may be offensive or not be relevant to the topics. Secondly, people assume that the wikis can be edited or written in favor of a particular issue, thus reducing credibility. Thirdly, wikis can be tampered with using malware applications or viruses (Cummings 6). The company can address these issues by ensuring that the users are registered before gaining access to the wiki. This helps to detected changes and identifies users’ presence. Antivirus programs can be used to detect malware programs that could be harmful to the computers (Wagner and Majchrzak 37). Cummings, Robert E.. Wiki Writing Collaborative Learning in the College Classroom. Ann Arbor: Digital Culture Books, an imprint of the University of Michigan Press and the University of Michigan Library, 2008.